The study was conducted via a questionnaire which was used to monitor the participants’ eating habits. This questionnaire inquired about education, medical background, physical fitness, and smoking: “Participants were categorized as vegetarians if they (1) self-identified as vegetarians in a question asking vegetarian status, and (2) reported ‘no eating’ in frequency questions for all individual meat and fish items in the FFQ [Food Frequency Questionnaire],” according to the study.
The vegetarian group in this study was made up of 72.4% women (versus 58.6% in the non-vegetarian group) and were also less likely than the non-vegetarian group to smoke, drink or have risk factors that would have made it more likely for them to contract a UTI.
There are numerous reasons, in theory, why choosing a vegetarian diet might prevent a UTI: Meat has E. coli, and E. coli causes some, though not all, urinary tract infections. The study also noted that vegans and vegetarians have lower stool pH than those who eat meat and that could stop E. coli from growing.
Dr. Jill Rabin, who works in ob-gyn education and development for Northwell Health, told HealthDay that when you have less E coli in the intestine, you create more acid in the bladder and gut, and can lower your chance of getting UTIs that way, as well as from the amount of a fiber you could potentially consume as a vegetarian. In addition, when you eat a large amount of animal protein, you lower urinary pH. Plus, as the study pointed out, “[p]lant foods contain phytochemicals (major classes including terpenoids, phenolics, alkaloids) which have been demonstrated to have antibacterial activities, in addition to anti-carcinogenic, anti-mutagenic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative factors.”
Folks that tend to get uncomplicated UTIs may want to pay special attention to this research, as the diet showed “significantly reduced risk” of getting that type of UTI.