Studies show that 95% of Americans do not consume enough Vitamin D from their diet alone, and nearly one third are Vitamin D deficient↟. The Vitamin D in Defend is Vitamin D3, also called cholecalciferol, the form of Vitamin D made by the skin when exposed to sunlight. Research shows that Vitamin D supplementation increases tight junction proteins in the bladder. Essentially, these proteins support connections between cells that are next to each other in the bladder lining.†
↟Sources: Liu, X., et al. ; Br. J. Nutr. 2018, 119, 928–936. & Reider, C., et al. ; Nutrients 2020, 12, 1735.